Leo N. Tolstoy's story "Hadji Murat" is based in large part on true events.
"And I remember an old story from the Caucasus, which I sometimes even experienced, in part by witnesses heard and had partially spun out in my imagination."
Historical background Imam Shamil (1797 - 1871) built in the Caucasus mountains to a theocratic Islamic state. In the Muri thinking squads (1834-1859) rendered the mountain peoples of the Caucasus violent resistance to the colonial objectives of Russia. The theocracy Shamil also included that the laws were the Sharia. The peoples of the Caucasus saw in Islam effective Weapon against Russia, so that the hostilities were including religiously motivated, even then in the nineteenth century in the Caucasus, the concept of jihad has fallen, this term was apparently intended meaning was already used as a "holy war" (background end).
Against this background, it is not surprising when Imam Shamil before important only once closed his eyes and fell silent.
"The council knew what that meant, he heard the voice of the prophet, who revealed to him what to do."
falls on the Russian side in the war, a young man receives from a Paymaster the father a letter is written "that Peter for his emperor, his country and the true Christian faith had been killed."
In Tolstoy's narrative, we encounter the problem that is religion involved in politics. The history of mankind has never introduced something good. As midnight ride Charlemagne against the Saxons, he had to have imagined that he had one, and the true faith, otherwise he would not be pulled so brutally against the Saxons, for others, or especially, this war was intended to the Germanic eradicate religious beliefs, Widukind finally to the peace will have to be baptized need. This was a Kreuzzugsgemetzel before the Crusades. And Peter, from which the speech was just like, in the Caucasus war, had no children.
"I am voluntarily went for my brother ... He has five small children, and I had just got married."
for the expansion of a country he died insane nonsense. Tolstoy examines the war from different angles, then the madness just as great if the dead of a war being displaced.
"The war was in his eyes only that he is the danger of the possible death exposed, was rewarded for it and the respect of his comrades and his friends in Russia enjoyed. "
Although Hadji Murat, the deputy Shamil, who was with the theocrats in a blood feud, would release his held in captivity family from the hands of the Imam, this Hadji Murat, who are already had proved successful in many battles as a war hero is not, and this is crucial, not glorified as a war hero. The fact that he once "Twenty-six prisoners had been sent down to make" is excused, it was wartime. Tolstoy quotes aware the French proverb
à la guerre comme à la guerre - In war there is not a difference
, highlighting the banality as outright murder is justified in war, you get in this way, Hadji Murat's heroism a hearty crack. Tolstoy questioned the excesses of the war and ends up in the madness, so I know this story particularly appreciate.
Tolstoy has sympathy for the Caucasian mountain people can and senile Russian prince and military commander, stupid occur, worn or schemer. We read of a stupid Georgian prince who thinks that if Hadji Murat "in Europe would be born, he would have to be a Napoleon." This stupidity that stems from a Western sense of superiority, is set go one better. Leo N. Tolstoy draws at this late story the principal officer of the Caucasian conflict, the Tsar Nicholas I, as a political man who made bad moods fall out major policy decisions and adulterous ways women seduced to relieve his wrong, thus reassured "what a great man he was."
The Chechen war under Boris Yeltsin and Vladimir Putin were just as brutal as the war at that time under the czars. Particular has suffered, as in other wars, the civilian population. The Caucasian Aul, which remained hidden Hadji Murat, before he ran over to the Russians, was crushed by the Tsar's troops.
"The dignified woman who had served Hadji Murat, during his visit, was now with her hair in a torn shirt that had seen their old drooping breasts, leaning over the corpse of her son scratched her face and cried continuously. "
I associate the Lamentation of Christ at the grave, under the cross. What an association of Muslim territory.
Further reading:
Anna Politkovskaya : The truth about the war
Manfred Quiring: tinderbox Caucasus
Charles Seeger: Imam Shamil - Prophet and Commander, 1937
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